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Coffee Bean Types: Arabica, Robusta, Liberica, and Excelsa

If you're a fan of coffee you're likely to know that different kinds of beans can produce different flavors. Learn more about four of the most sought-after varieties: Arabica, Robusta, Liberica and Excelsa.

Excelsa beans are one of the varieties of Liberica that is only grown in Southeast Asia. They have a more fruity, more tart flavor and are often utilized in coffee blends for added depth.

Arabica

Arabica coffee beans comprise 75% of the world's production. Arabica beans have a sweeter and less sour flavor than Robusta and are available in a variety profiles. The taste and aroma components of a particular coffee can vary greatly based on the climatic conditions and methods of processing used to produce it.

The word "coffee" originates from the Arabic word that means the berry. Coffee beans are actually seeds that sprout inside bright red berries. It is believed that the ancient Ethiopian shepherds discovered that their goats became more energetic after eating the berries, and the cultivation of coffee quickly began to spread throughout the world.

coffee beans types beans can be grown at higher altitudes, and they are in a position to thrive in cold temperatures and lots of rain. This is one of the reasons why Arabica is regarded as the best tasting type of coffee.

Many specialty coffee shops and roasters concentrate on ethically sourced arabica beans, and focusing on fair wages for farmers and sustainable farming practices. These companies often blend arabica beans to create unique specialty coffees that are suitable for a wide range of methods of brewing. Blending can control the aroma, flavor, body and acidity of coffee. It is generally utilized to create an even and balanced taste that is appealing to a broad audience.

Robusta

Robusta beans (Coffea canephora) are the second most popular type of highest rated coffee beans bean that is grown worldwide. They have more caffeine per bean and are more resistant against diseases and pests. They also contain higher levels of chlorogenic acids, which are antioxidants that occur naturally. These acids can cause oxidation in the unroasted coffee beans wholesale brewing and produce undesirable flavors.

The plant itself is more resilient than arabica, able thrive in less favorable climate conditions and at lower elevations. It can tolerate higher temperatures and does well in direct sunlight. It is faster growing and produces more coffee per plant than arabica, which makes it a cost-effective crop to cultivate.

Although it might appear counterintuitive, Robusta beans are often combined with arabica to create coffee blends. If you notice names like Uganda or Kenya on the coffee bags it's possible there is also some robusta.

The majority of roasters make use of a mix of arabica and coffee beans unroasted beans to reduce costs and ensure the quality. To preserve the flavor integrity, you should choose an excellent bean from a trusted source. This can be accomplished by purchasing your beans directly from the farmer.

Liberica

Liberica beans are more or less football shaped and are therefore distinct from other varieties of coffee beans. They have a distinct aroma that is floral and fruity with smoky undertones. They are often added to other coffee beans to give a more intense, fuller flavor.

Liberica coffee beans are grown in West Africa and Malaysia (Borneo) as well as in Southeast Asia. They are tolerant of hot, humid climates and can thrive at low altitudes. They also have a much more resistant to diseases than Arabica and Robusta.

These attributes make them ideal for home cultivation. The seeds can be found on the internet from several sources, but it is preferred to purchase them from local producers to guarantee the quality of the beans. The ideal conditions to grow Liberica coffee are fertile, deep volcano soils with a pH that is moderately acidic, and enough annual rainfall.

Another kind of coffee bean is Excelsa that was once thought to be a separate species, but has been re-classified as an alternative to Liberica. These oval-shaped coffee beans grow on large coffee plants that reach 20 to 30 feet in height at moderate altitudes. They have a distinctive taste that is both tart and fruity, which has made them a sought-after selection in blends for house. They are also less pronounced in flavor and caffeine than Arabica and Robusta, but still have a distinctive richness of flavor.

Excelsa

Excelsa coffee beans aren't as well-known as Arabica and Robusta although they're fourth popular. They were considered to be an entirely different species of coffee up until 2006, at which point they were reclassified to be a synonym for Coffea Liberica var. dewevrei. They are produced in Southeast Asia today and account for 7% of the global production of coffee. The coffee beans are shaped like teardrops and possess a dark, mysterious taste. They're typically used in blends to add extra body and a delicious, tart, ripened fruit flavor.

Arabica beans are the most popular, and are renowned for their the most delicious taste. They thrive best at high altitudes and are able to thrive in warm, tropical climates. They have a slight acidity. If brewed and roasted correctly they may impart notes like nuts, chocolate or even fruit.

Robusta is the second most adored coffee in the world and makes up around 40% of the coffee consumed in the world. These beans are rounder and smaller, but they have twice as much caffeine as Arabica. They are also bitterer than the other two types and have an earthy, woody flavor.

After having a better understanding of the four most common types, it's now time to choose your favorite brew. If you're looking for a smooth soft, delicate flavor, go for an arabica bean or a blend of robusta and arabica beans.